Tying with Network Effects ​

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Authors: Jay Pil Choi, Doh-Shin Jeon, Michael D. Whinston
Year: 2026
Journal: American Economic Review
DOI: 10.1257/aer.20240461

Keywords: tying, network effects, bundling, platforms, competition policy

Abstract ​

Examines tying strategies in markets with network effects, providing theoretical foundations for understanding bundling and compatibility decisions in digital platforms and technology markets.

Cite this paper ​

@misc{tyingnetworkeffects2026,
  title  = {Tying with Network Effects},
  author = {Jay Pil Choi, Doh-Shin Jeon, Michael D. Whinston},
  year   = {2026},
  journal = {American Economic Review},
  doi    = {10.1257/aer.20240461},
  url    = {https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20240461},
}

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